Reflective Learning Essay Samples - Use These Strategies To Guide You Through Your Assignments

Reflective Learning Essay Samples - Use These Strategies To Guide You Through Your AssignmentsThere are many benefits of using reflective learning essay samples to guide you through your assignments. In fact, this is probably the single most important benefit of any of the other suggested strategies to achieving your goals.First and foremost, you need to realize that the reflective essay samples that you will find are not intended to replace you during your class discussions or assignment writing. What you will be reading and using are a series of quick tips and techniques for getting through your work. Therefore, if you choose to use one of these strategies, you must keep in mind that the advice is only meant to set you on the right path.There are many good reasons to use reflective learning essay samples. For one thing, you will learn a lot from these examples that you would otherwise not learn from reading other strategies. Other benefits include being able to better gauge your ow n progress when compared to the strategies that you have read about. For example, you will discover which parts of the essay to improve upon before getting to the part where you have to actually write the essay.Another benefit of using reflector essays is that you will be able to find ideas that you have never even considered. Many people use the strategies in the reflections as a jumping off point for further analysis of their own essay, but then they never really go anywhere else. Although you may see the mirror as a tool that helps you see what is going on inside of you, it is also a tool that can help you better understand your own thoughts and attitudes.Finally, there are many times when you will want to modify a reflective learning essay sample or model in order to get the best of it. You will want to make sure that the steps involved do not significantly change the structure of the material. This can lead to errors in grammar, sentence structure, sentence punctuation, and any number of other things.You can be certain that using reflective essay samples is the best way to go. Once you start using the techniques it has helped you to see, you will begin to see your weaknesses and your strengths in an entirely new light. With that, you will be far more likely to want to improve upon them.You can find reflective essay samples in books, journals, newspapers, magazines, and websites. In fact, there are hundreds of them available online. If you are looking for a good starting point for your own reflections, you should take a look at several samples and try them out.

The Computer Humankind’s Greatest Scientific Discovery Free Essays

Discoveries throughout time have moved mankind forward in many fields, such as medicine, technology, communications and manufacturing. These findings have also contributed to shifting the way humankind operates on a global basis. Defining the greatest discovery should encompass the revelations which have had the most beneficial impact on our societies. We will write a custom essay sample on The Computer: Humankind’s Greatest Scientific Discovery or any similar topic only for you Order Now For our generation, it is the founding of the computer. The computer has affected virtually every aspect of our lives, from the way people do business to the way we communicate. Since its humble beginnings with the inventions of the first binary computer in 1936 by Konrad Zuse, and the mechanical calculator, the use of computer has become more than just widespread: it has developed into a phenomenon that has altered the lives of every human living on Earth today in some shape or form. In 1939, Hewlett Packard was founded and by 1945, John von Neumann had discovered electronic storage for data. Subsequently, the year 1967 saw the first metal oxide semiconductor built by Fairchild Camera and Seymour Papert, and it created a language on the computer for children that operated a mechanical turtle. Later in 1967, the first storage system for digital photography was invented by IBM, which had the ability to translate a trillion bits of information. In 1994, Windows first browser Netscape 1.0 was released. Additionally, the Internet search engine, Yahoo, was invented. From this point, computer technologies have constantly been improving and have resulted in modern wonders. Computers have made the technological advances we enjoy today possible. These include online purchasing, business and private communication through social networks, selling to global markets, creating personal websites, or talking to people while seeing them on our computer screens while they are thousands of miles away, and many more advances. All of this is done with little cost, except for a wireless connection fee. People tend to store information not in the public archives, libraries, or in other ways that require using physical media, but in a digital format with the help of cloud technologies. Many significant scientific discoveries are made with the help of computers, and even if the findings are made by hand, computers are still used to process and calculate data gathered during these researches. Computers are indispensable for many business and financial operations, exchange trades, freelance jobs, medicine, production quality control and studying – almost all aspects of life today are tied to the use of the computer. img class="aligncenter wp-image-70905 size-full" src="https://phdessay.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Humanitys-Sci-Fi-Future-Are-We-Really-Ready-for-Intelligent-Robots.jpg" alt="The Computer: Humankind's Greatest Scientific Discovery " width="800" height="445" / Clement Mok, former creative director of Apple, once said, â€Å"Five years ago, we thought of the Web as a new medium, not a new economy.† As civilization races ahead, technology also speeds up, creating new markets and jobs while helping with advances in medicine and agriculture. Computers have evolved from a simple mechanical calculator, which was still revolutionary for its time, into a sophisticated and complicated helpful tool that has become an essential part of humans’ everyday lives. Nowadays, it is difficult to find a part of modern humanity’s existence which has not been reshaped by the invention of the computer, and there is no way of knowing where this great discovery will end up leading civilization in the future. References Mok, Clement.   â€Å"Technology Quotes.† IT History Society. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. . â€Å"Computer History Museum.† Timeline of Computer History. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Jan. 2013.. How to cite The Computer: Humankind’s Greatest Scientific Discovery, Essay examples

The Internet, is it a boon or a bane Essay Example For Students

The Internet, is it a boon or a bane? Essay With the Dotcom gold rush and the advent of the Internet, the world has proliferated and grew more sophisticated. The Internet, just like the cellular phones and televisions, has become a need in this modern era. Closer to home, the introduction of the Multimedia Super Corridor (MSC) has boosted the numbers of Internet users in Malaysia. In fact, the cyberspace fever is still spreading, faster than we ever imagine. The Internet, once dominated by the military intelligence has brought changes into our lives. Although it was initially created as a communication system to last the fallout of a nuclear war, the Internet has been librated. One needs only a telephone line and a computer equipped with a modem to explore the cyberspace. Thus, knowledge is now easily and readily accessible. With just a simple surf to various search engines in the Net like Yahoo or AltaVista, we can get thousands of web addresses linked to the information we want. We will write a custom essay on The Internet, is it a boon or a bane? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We can even download it and save it into our computer for free. Further more, communication via the Internet is very convenient and cheap. Net communities can congregate via e-groups or chat rooms with a very low cost. Discussion can be made online without the hassle of rushing to a meeting place. We can even contact our friends or relatives anywhere in the world easily by sending e-mails, which is much cheaper than the conventional Snail Mail. In deed, the Internet boom has made the world even smaller. Besides that, Internet-based companies, usually known as the Dotcoms, are sprouting everywhere, creating a new type of business for the communities. This so-called business of the new millennium is e-commerce. It is actually an online web portal created by the companies as a platform for them to provide their services or sell their products to everyone in the world without the need of launching new branches in other countries. In Malaysia, many Dot Com companies are formed due to the fact that we need these type of companies for our MSC project. Some meet failures in the middle of formation, but those successive ones keep on earning big money from the benefits of e-commerce. However, cyberspace is no longer a safe zone. One of the major treat caused by the introduction of the Internet is pornography. The recent survey shows that 30% of the websites parked in the Net contain sexual-based images or materials. These pornographies poison the minds of the young. Their fresh minds have been corrupted by these negative elements. Some of them even get addicted and neglect their responsibility as a student. Though there are many censorship software in the market such as NetNanny and SurfWatch, the governments policy of not censoring the Internet has affected the young very seriously. Therefore, a comprehensive study should be made in searching for the best solution. In addition, classy crimes like hacking, cracking credit card numbers, spreading computer viruses and spamming have been a common topic lately. These done by unscrupulous people have caused a lot of damage and loss. A companys database can be destroy in a split second and home users will have to send their computers to the service centres more often if these people keeps on exploiting the Internet. Besides, to understand more deeply about our national cyber awareness, one must surf the websites. Some of these websites sell a mixture of rumours, black propagandas and amateur political analysis. These half-truths especially by the anti-government movements have created a certain havoc in the nation. The citizens and the international communities seem to receive false news about our country, which will affect our economy and politics stability. Thus, there are many advantages of the Internet. But the current migraine suffered from the exploitation of the Internet should not be taken for granted. .u8739e2d45ea5350498819b603fd8dd4e , .u8739e2d45ea5350498819b603fd8dd4e .postImageUrl , .u8739e2d45ea5350498819b603fd8dd4e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8739e2d45ea5350498819b603fd8dd4e , .u8739e2d45ea5350498819b603fd8dd4e:hover , .u8739e2d45ea5350498819b603fd8dd4e:visited , .u8739e2d45ea5350498819b603fd8dd4e:active { border:0!important; } .u8739e2d45ea5350498819b603fd8dd4e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8739e2d45ea5350498819b603fd8dd4e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8739e2d45ea5350498819b603fd8dd4e:active , .u8739e2d45ea5350498819b603fd8dd4e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8739e2d45ea5350498819b603fd8dd4e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8739e2d45ea5350498819b603fd8dd4e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8739e2d45ea5350498819b603fd8dd4e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8739e2d45ea5350498819b603fd8dd4e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8739e2d45ea5350498819b603fd8dd4e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8739e2d45ea5350498819b603fd8dd4e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8739e2d45ea5350498819b603fd8dd4e .u8739e2d45ea5350498819b603fd8dd4e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8739e2d45ea5350498819b603fd8dd4e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A Picture Of President Obama Essay Government should take serious measures to handle the problems and make the Internet a safer place for everybody to explore.

Frailty thy name is woman Essay Example

Frailty thy name is woman Essay Example Frailty thy name is woman Paper Frailty thy name is woman Paper Essay Topic: The Heart Of a Woman By Ophelia doing this, we can link it to Shakespeare’s portrayal of women as mentally frail when around others, unable to hold a sentence or communicate. Hamlet offers copious amounts of evidence to the audience of his madness; however there is a lack of evidence to Ophelia’s madness apart from the death of her father and rejection by Hamlet. The audience can see she displays a form of insanity in Act Four Scene Five. Ophelia shows a method to her madness in which she is suffering over the loss of her father, and all she can do after learning of the death of her father is sing. Ophelia also suffers the heartbreak of rejection by Hamlet which causes her to sing a happy love song, which therefore shows us there is more evidence in there being a method to her madness as she is singing over the love of Hamlet. Ophelia’s supposed madness shows method, which contradicts Hamlet’s argument ‘Frailty, thy name is woman,’ as there appears evidence to why women appear frail. The madness of the female mind is said to be caused by the women’s faults mentally, physically and morally. In Act one scene three, Polonius says ‘Think yourself a baby that you have ta’en these tenders for true pay which are not sterling. ’ Immediately, we recognise Polonius’ patronizing tone towards Ophelia; he talks in terms of money, as if she is something to be sold. Her weakness mentally may not be her fault as she is constantly undermined by her brother Laertes and Polonius ‘Pooh, you speak like a green girl, unsifted in such perilous circumstance. Do you believe his tenders, as you call them? : ’ Polonius criticises Ophelia for being inexperienced and naive, giving the audience the impression she is victim of Polonius’ status above her. Ophelia uses ‘Tenders as an expression of love ‘He hath, my lord, of late made many tenders of his affection to me. ’ However Polonius uses it meaning an offer to buy something which shows the audience, Polonius references Ophelia to that of a whore, corrupted by sex, shows us a reflection of Polonius’ ownership of Ophelia. Ophelia replies to Polonius ‘I shall obey my lord. ’ Ophelia responds as a victim of a patriarchal society, having no choice over her father’s opinions. This shows Ophelia is impressionable and not strong enough to disobey her father. By her quick and victimised reply, she appears rehearsed and trained into obeying her father. Hamlet’s treatment of Ophelia alternates between protests of eternal love and brutality such as his cruel and critical speech in the nunnery scene, it could be argued Hamlet uses Ophelia in his revenge plot instinctively because she is a woman, and because she is a woman he knows her as the weaker sex therefore easier to persuade, ‘To a nunnery, go – and quickly too. ’ It appears it is not just the male sex who end up seeing women as lesser and as faulty beings, but after how they have been treated, also the women in ‘Hamlet’ resort to subordinating themselves to the men in the play like when Ophelia says ‘I shall obey my lord’ as they see it as right as it is how they are used to being treated and it is how they feel expected to respond. Hamlet says to Ophelia in Act three Scene two, ‘That’s a fair thought to lie between maids’ legs’ Hamlet is unreserved when showering Ophelia in sexual innuendoes, however Ophelia appears to understand him therefore showing depth to her character, ‘You are merry, my lord. ’ which suggests to us maybe Ophelia was not as naive and weak as we had previously thought in Act one Scene three. Ophelia, it would appear, entirely at the mercy of the male figures within her life, could be seen as a victim figure. Ophelia replies to Hamlet in short prose ‘Ay, my lord’. It appears she is denied a voice in her own defence or representation which coincides with the idea of being a victim of a patriarchal society. Within the patriarchal structure, women were forced to remain within the boundaries, including their compliance, reticence and chastity. Both Ophelia and Gertrude’s reputations are questioned in ‘Hamlet’ which results in further discrimination. If either Gertrude or Ophelia mention any sexual desire, immediately it appears they become devalued, Polonius calls Ophelia a fool for a daughter for thinking expressions of love ‘You’ll tender me a fool. ’ Polonius and Laertes, advise Ophelia to save her virginity as once she is ‘spoiled’ she would be worth nothing ‘Then weigh what loss your honour may sustain is with too credent ear you list his songs, or loose your heart, or your chaste treasure open to his unmastered importunity. ’ Because of the commanding tone of her brother and father, Ophelia appears incapable to fully think for herself due to the governing temperament of Polonius and Laertes. This position Ophelia is put into enforces the purpose of the patriarchal structure in which women are bound to their submissive roles. Female hysteria was once a frequent medical diagnosis which was made mostly in women. The source of the name Hysteria originally is from the Greek word for uterus, Hystera. Hysteria was an illness that was supposedly caused by sexual withdrawal in particularly passionate women and the illness was quite often seen supposedly in virgins, nuns, widows and occasionally married women. The character of Hamlet supposedly goes mad due to the mental stress over his mother’s swift re-marriage and the apparitions of his father’s ghost. But throughout ‘Hamlet’ the women’s cause for madness are unremittingly associated with their bodies and their sexual desires, Laertes and Polonius regularly comments on Ophelia’s sexual wellbeing ‘the chariest maid is prodigal enough is she unmark her beauty to the moon. ’ Suggesting, if she was to commit a sexual deed, she would become corrupt and dirty. To conclude, both sexes in ‘Hamlet’ commit unorthodox deeds, suggesting moral frailty; Claudius shows moral frailty by murdering his brother for the crown of Denmark and Gertrude betrays Hamlet and her late husband by a quick ‘incestuous’ relationship with a relative. Both sexes in ‘Hamlet? show a form of physical weakness, Ophelia suggests to an audience she was physically weak through drowning and Claudius suggest Hamlet is frail by appearing ‘unmanly’. Hamlet feigns madness to suggest to others around him of his mental instability and Ophelia is classed mad over the mourning of her father. Despite the female sex being classed as frail, in ‘Hamlet’ the women show hidden depths, Ophelia shows method to her madness, if she was mentally frail this wouldn’t be possible, Ophelia also understands what Hamlet is saying through his sexual innuendoes which suggests she was not as naive as Polonius deemed her to ‘be you speak like a green girl. ’ Gertrude also shows depth when she describes Ophelia’s death, Gertrude being the mouthpiece for the description of Ophelia’s death suggests solidarity between the women of the play. The repeated use of the word ‘incest’ when used to describe Hamlet and the Ghost’s perception of Gertrude’s relationship with Claudius and the undermining of Ophelia’s knowledge by Polonius and Laertes, considers women as naive and sexually disgusting which is a typical form of misogyny. It would appear there is no difference in frailty depending on the sex; both sexes experience the same bereavement when loosing a loved one therefore would seem madness in itself to class one sex frailer than the other. To an audience in the Shakespearean era, how the women of ‘Hamlet’ are treated, would be no different to how women were perceived due to the standards of the patriarchal society. However to a modern day female audience, the discrimination to women’s sexuality and mental state could be seen as somewhat offensive.

Civil War Prisoner Exchanges and the Dix-Hill Cartel

Civil War Prisoner Exchanges and the Dix-Hill Cartel During the U.S. Civil War, both sides participated in the exchange of prisoners of war who had been captured by the other side.  Although there was not a formal agreement in place, prisoner exchanges had taken place as a result of kindness between opposing leaders after a hard-fought battle.   Initial Agreement for Prisoner Exchanges Originally, the Union refused to formally enter into an official agreement that would establish guidelines pertaining to the structure of how these prisoner exchanges would occur. This was due to the fact that  the U.S. government had steadfastly refused to recognize the Confederate States of America as a valid governmental entity, and there was a fear that entering into any formal agreement could be viewed as legitimizing the Confederacy as a separate entity.   However, the capture of over a thousand Union soldiers at the First Battle of Bull Run in late July 1861 created the impetus for public push to conduct formal prisoner exchanges.   In December 1861, in a joint resolution the U.S. Congress called for President Lincoln to establish parameters for prisoner exchanges with the Confederacy.   Over the next several months, Generals from both forces made unsuccessful attempts to draft a unilateral prison exchange agreement. Creation of the Dix-Hill Cartel Then in July 1862, Union Major General John A. Dix and Confederate Major General D. H. Hill met in the James River in Virginia at Haxalls Landing and came to an agreement whereby all soldiers were assigned an exchange value based upon their military rank.  Under what would become known as the Dix-Hill Cartel, exchanges of Confederate and Union Army soldiers would be made as follows: Soldiers of equivalent ranks would be exchanged on a one to one value,Corporals and sergeants were worth two privates,Lieutenants were worth four privates,A captain was worth six privates,A major was worth eight privates,A lieutenant-colonel was worth ten privates,A colonel was worth fifteen privates,A brigadier general was worth twenty privates,A major general was worth forty privates, andA commanding general was worth sixty privates. The Dix-Hill Cartel also assigned similar exchange values of Union and Confederate naval officers and seamen based upon their equivalent rank to their respective armies. Prisoner Exchange and the Emancipation Proclamation These exchanges were made to alleviate the issues and costs associated with maintaining captured soldiers by both sides, as well as the logistics of moving the prisoners.  However, in September 1862, President Lincoln issued a Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation that provided in part that if the Confederates failed to end fighting and rejoin the U.S. prior to January 1, 1863  then all slaves held in the Confederate States would become free. In addition, it called for the enlistment of black soldier into service in the Union Army. This prompted Confederate States of America President Jefferson Davis to issue a proclamation on December 23, 1862 which provided that there would be no exchange of either captured black soldiers or their white officers. A mere nine days later – January 1, 1863 – President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation which called for the eradication of slavery and for the enlistment of freed slaves into the Union Army. In what has historically been considered President Lincoln’s reaction to December 1862 Proclamation of Jefferson Davis, the Lieber Code was put into effect in April 1863 addressing humanity during wartime with the provision that all prisoners, regardless of color, would be treated alike. Then the Congress of the Confederate States passed a resolution in May 1863 that codified President Davis’ December 1862 proclamation that the Confederacy would not exchange captured black soldiers.   The results of this legislative action became evident in July 1863 when a number of captured U.S. black soldiers from a Massachusetts regiment were not exchanged along with their fellow white prisoners. The End of Prisoner Exchanges During the Civil War The U.S. suspended the Dix-Hill Cartel on July 30, 1863 when President Lincoln issued an order providing that until such time as the Confederates treated black soldiers the same as white soldiers there would no longer be any prisoner exchanges between the U.S. and the Confederacy. This  effectively ended prisoner exchanges and unfortunately resulted in captured soldiers from both sides being subjected to horrific and inhumane conditions in prisons such as Andersonville in the South and Rock Island in the North.

Liberal Democracy. Why are elections so important for liberal Essay

Liberal Democracy. Why are elections so important for liberal democracy - Essay Example Elections and democracy are complementary to each other. Free and fair elections are central to promoting liberal democracy. The cosmopolitan nature of the United Kingdom society has made people devise means of having organized electoral systems that are fully representative. The intention of the electorate is to consolidate their civil rights and freedoms. These electoral systems are established through either direct or indirect means of picking representatives into the House of Commons. The electoral system must avoid irregularities and guarantee the wishes of the majority while respecting the rights and the voice of the minority. The strength of the electoral process guards against unnecessary tensions (Robinson 2010). This is the essence of reviewing the parliamentary electoral system in the United Kingdom to make them representative and free. A liberal democracy like the United Kingdom thrives through democratic elections. A general election is a vital decision making process in which the people decide whom to entrust with power. Modern liberal democracies like the United Kingdom use elections to fill vacancies in the executive, parliament and the judiciary. The word election comes from a Latin word Legere meaning-choose. The essence of general elections is to change leadership and express the wishes of the citizens on key matters. Modern liberal democracies like the United Kingdom have the electoral systems which yield the best results. The most popular democratic systems are both presidential and parliamentary systems. The United Kingdom used the parliamentary system. The liberties include the freedom of speech, religion, right to private property and privacy. Liberal democracy has safeguard against majoritarianism which hurts the minority. In a liberal democracy, elections must be free and fair (Johnson 2001). The electorate must have a choice of political parties, which differ in policies and views. In a liberal democracy, voting is by secret ballot. T his ensures that voters do not feel pressured (Robinson 2010). Elections are crucial in liberal democracies because the parliament and the government are chosen by and accountable to the voters. Liberal democracies demand that elections be regular (Dunleavy & O'Leary 2000). This gives the electorate a chance to review their leaders and make changes during the election year. The government must call for a referendum on key issues that affect the lives of people directly (Williams 1998). In liberal democracies, election results must be respected since they represent the demands of the people (Diamond & Platter 2006). As a result, the power transitions must be peaceful, and this ensures economic stability. In the United Kingdom, the European court of human rights ensures that civil rights are enforced. Democratic elections guarantee equal opportunities and a fair justice system in liberal democracies (Williams 1998). The government must be limited and open to the public (Dunleavy & O'L eary 2000). Democratic elections give the people power to securitize the government in liberal democracies. The constitution gives the citizens the right to access state information if it does not compromise the security situation of the country (Robinson 2010). Democratic electoral process guarantees free media, which is not controlled by the state. This means that the media must give neutral coverage to all the political activities in the country, and at the same time criticize any the government freely (Diamond & Platter 2006). In the United Kingdom, the electoral system is free and fair. The law demands that balloting in the UK be secret, in addition to universal suffrage of, eighteen and over. The country has a number of political

Hospitality sales and marketing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Hospitality sales and marketing - Case Study Example Since it is a vital component of marketing, product development determines whether or not a business succeeds in its industry. In this context, the term product development incorporates services, hence its application to service-based industries. Since the beginning of the 20th century, firms have become increasingly reliant on the superiority of their products to gain and maintain competitive advantage. Lee (2013) argues that the importance of the product is evident in theoretical and practical knowledge, typified by the notion that the product precedes all other requirements for starting a business. The product is also considered by many scholars to be the most important of all Ps (Cunill, 2012). It, therefore, follows that product development is a fundamental aspect of business growth. This leads to one of the most common business practices and a major source of competitive advantage: integration. When companies integrate, they do so to encourage expansion and domination in a specific industry. There are two types of integration that can be used by any company to give a company greater more presence in any market: horizontal and vertical integration (Evans, Campbell & Stonehouse, 2012). This literature review will lean towards the latter as it is relevant to the subject. According to Fazlollahi, Franke & Ullberg (2012), historically, firms used vertical integration to influence access to limited resources. In the contemporary business setting, companies are disintegrated both internally and externally, and they engage in numerous joint ventures and strategic alliances as part of their growth strategies (Lahiri & Narayanan, 2013). It has even become common for corporations to outsource even those processes that are usually viewed as key. Some of the best examples of vertical integration can be found in the oil sector. In the 70s and 80s, numerous firms were involved in the pro specting and